November 18, 2006

NT parallels for Jesus' testing/david

Of the four gospels only Matthew and Luke agrees with Mark that Jesus was tested in the desert, and then Matthew, expands the account to provide details of that testing. We also have confirmation in the Epistle to the Hebrews. Both are provided here for your consideration. The translation is JB Phillips.


Gospel According to Matthew



4:1-2 Then Jesus was led by the Spirit up into the desert, to be tempted by the devil. After a fast of forty days and nights he was very hungry.

4:3 "If you really are the Son of God," said the tempter, coming to him, "tell these stones to turn into loaves."

4:4 Jesus answered, "The scripture says 'Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceeds from the mouth of God'."

4:5-6 Then the devil took him to the holy city, and set him on the highest ledge of the Temple. "If you really are the Son of God," he said, "Throw yourself down. For the scripture says - 'He shall give his angels charge concerning you,' and 'In their hands they shall bear you up, lest you dash your foot against a stone'."

4:7 "Yes," retorted Jesus, "and the scripture also says 'You shall not tempt the Lord your God'."

4:8-9 Once again the devil took him to a very high mountain, and from there showed him all the kingdoms of the world and their magnificence. "Everything there I will give you," he said to him, "if you will fall down and worship me."

4:10 "Away with you, Satan!" replied Jesus, "the scripture says, 'You shall worship the Lord your God, and him only you shall serve'."

4:11 Then the devil let him alone, and the angels came to him and took care of him.


Gospel According to Luke



4:1-2 Jesus returned from the Jordan full of the Holy Spirit and he was led by the Spirit to spend forty days in the desert, where he was tempted by the devil. He ate nothing during that time and afterwards he felt very hungry.

4:3 "If you really are the Son of God," the devil said to him, "tell this stone to turn into a loaf."

4:4 Jesus answered, "The scripture says, 'Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word of God' ."

4:5-7 Then the devil took him up and showed him all the kingdoms of mankind in a sudden vision, and said to him, "I will give you all this power and magnificence, for it belongs to me and I can give it to anyone I please. It shall all be yours if you will fall down and worship me."

4:8 To this Jesus replied, "It is written, 'You shall worship the Lord your God, and him only you shall serve'."

4:9-11 Then the devil took him to Jerusalem and set him on the highest ledge of the Temple. "If you really are the Son of God," he said, "throw yourself down from here, for the scripture says, 'He shall give his angels charge over you, to keep you', and 'In their hands they shall bear you up, lest you dash your foot against a stone'."

4:12 To which Jesus replied, "It is also said, 'You shall not tempt the Lord your God'."

4:13 And when he had exhausted every kind of temptation, the devil withdrew until his next opportunity.

Epistle to the Hebrews



4:14-15 Seeing that we have a great High Priest who has entered the inmost Heaven, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold firmly to our faith. For we have no superhuman High Priest to whom our weaknesses are unintelligible - he himself has shared fully in all our experience of temptation, except that he never sinned.

4:16 Let us therefore approach the throne of grace with fullest confidence, that we may receive mercy for our failures and grace to help in the hour of need.

1 comment:

Anonymous said...

I initially missed the Lukan temptation material as Luke inserts geneological material between the baptism and the testing -- and I was scanning quickly.

Luke and Matthew agree here on the testing against mark -- which in turn means thed etailed testing in mathhew/Luke is a part of the hypothetical material called Q and that both Luke and Matthew, more or less independently found Q more authoratative or at elast more useful than the Markan material.

Mark is typically dated to between 65 and 80 CE and Q to between 40 and 80 CE.